What Is Global Strategy?
Global strategy is a type of plan businesses craft to operate
beyond their home countries.
Due to the rise of hyper-connected information technology,
pursuing a global strategy is—at least in some ways—easier now
than ever. Still, it often remains essential to build or rent
actual physical spaces in different countries if you plan to
manufacture and distribute goods in each of them.
In business school, you might see academics define global
strategy more precisely as a standardization strategy as opposed
to an international or multinational approach. More colloquially
speaking, global strategy can refer to each of those styles of
expansion.
Why Is Global Strategy Important?
Pursuing a global strategy often gives companies an inherent
competitive advantage over other businesses only pursuing a
domestic or local strategy. Of course, in order to reap the
benefits, executives must still run these companies shrewdly.
For example, if a company in the United Kingdom starts to sell
goods in South Korea as well, it now brings in revenue from two
national markets rather than just one. In general, the more
companies spread into international markets, the greater impact
they can have as a brand and the more profits they can accrue.
5 Benefits of a Global Strategy
Spreading out operations into multiple countries can help take
your business to the next level. Keep these five benefits in
mind when considering whether or not to pursue a global
marketing strategy:
1. Better brand awareness: Global brands garner far more
recognition than merely domestic ones simply by virtue of their
international scope. When a company begins to distribute its
products in different countries—either through subsidiaries or
its own stores—it starts to build brand awareness elsewhere in
the world, rather than only in its homeland.
2. Greater access to resources: As an international business
shores up its global presence, it gains access to resources from
each new country in which it starts to operate. In other words,
you’ll have a far easier time reaping all the potential benefits
of the global market once you start spreading your business’
operations and distribution to different parts of the globe.
3. Improved flexibility: Global scaling diversifies both the
supply chain and value chain for a business, leading to a
greater amount of flexibility and potential to withstand
downturns. If you operate out of many different countries, one
can serve as a backstop if you start to see problems arising
within another market.
4. Increased revenue: Entering new markets in different
countries can bring in far more revenue than operating solely in
a domestic market. As businesses take initiative to distribute
product offerings in multiple areas of the world, more consumers
have the option to purchase these goods, thus raising the
businesses’ revenue levels.
5. Lower costs: Global companies generally have more efficient,
effective, and inexpensive economies of scale and economies of
scope. As a company reaches out into different parts of the
world, it gains access to lower-priced markets for both labor
and materials. This then allows the globally minded company to
pass on these lower costs to consumers as well.
3 Types of Global Strategy
Global strategy manifests itself in different ways for different
companies. Here are just three global business strategies worth
considering:
1. International strategy: In this business model, international
companies might sell or buy goods in different markets (or
countries) occasionally, but the focus remains on keeping most
operations and sales internal. This allows businesses to remain
dedicated to the home market while still reaping some of the
benefits of globalization.
2. Multinational strategy: If a business tailors its products
uniquely to different countries, odds are good it’s pursuing a
multinational or multidomestic strategy. Multinational companies
take the needs and desires of local markets very seriously,
developing distinct products and services for each rather than
offering one standardized good for them all.
3. Standardization strategy: When companies pursue a
standardization strategy, they branch out into foreign markets
by offering the same standardized goods and services rather than
developing unique products for each country. A standardization
strategy forgoes the local responsiveness inherent in the
multinational approach to benefit from a more concrete and
scalable form of strategic management.
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